Healthy Aging Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Healthy Aging - Essay Example In the six-year study carried out by the researchers at the U.S. National Institute of Aging participated by 302 high-functioning, community-dwelling older adults (aged 70-82 years), results showed that free-living activity energy expenditure was strongly associated with low risk of mortality in healthy older adults and may influence survival (Manini et al., 2006). Todd Manini, the head researcher of the team and an Exercise Physiologist, wanted to find out the beneficial value of the â€Å"just usual† daily activities to the elderly. Found out that 600 calories is equivalent to approximately 2 hours length of physical activity which could either be derived from a structured gym exercise or simply a variety of routine household activities such as washing the dishes, vacuuming the house, or gardening. Another study related to the significance of exercise for older adults was conducted by Martins, Verissimo, Coelho e Silva, Cumming, and Teixeira (2010).

Reliability and Validity Essay Example for Free

Reliability and Validity Essay Evaluating human services is a task that can be very complex. People can have different interpretations of the same event. Another concern is that people are not always honest. Therefore, human services will gain from effective, high quality evaluations of data collection methods. This requires that the data collection methods supply accurate and dependable information. This paper will define and describe 2 concepts of measurement known as reliability and validity,-provide examples and supporting facts as to how these concepts apply to data collection in human services, and evaluate the importance of the validity and reliability of data collection methods and instruments. Funding for many non-profit human services organizations are dependent on the precise results of research and statistics gathered through various processes of data collection. Reliability and validity are two criterions that are used to judge the functions of research designs and measurements. These criterions are something that should be looked at before, during, and after research to show the relevance and significance of human services. Using the example of a weight scale is the perfect way to confer the idea of reliability and validity. If an individual of 150lbs. weighs themselves several times and gets several different readings, the scale being used can be considered unreliable. Now if that scale also reads 125 each time, it is rather reliable but invalid. However, the consistent, accurate reading of 150lbs. each time indicates that this scale is not only reliable, but also valid. When thinking about validity, it is important to evaluate if the research is doing what it is supposed to do. According to Rosenthal and Rosnow (2008), â€Å"The measure in question might be a psychological test of some kind, a group of judges who rate things, a functional MRI scanner for monitoring brain activity, or any other instrument or measuring tool†(Chapter 6). Is the data collected dependable? Does the correlation make sense? All of these questions are in reference to the design of the research, and validity is specifically tied to the soundness and force of that design. Conclusion and internal validity refer directly to relationships drawn between correlating factors and the end results. According to Measurement Of Validity Types (2006), â€Å"Conclusion validity is the degree to which conclusions reached about relationships in data are reasonable† (Conclusion Validity). Studies that have shown a link between convicts in the prison system and the lifestyles encountered by children of single parents would be one example of conclusion validity. If the conclusion is valid, a direct link will be made between two correlating factors. Internal validity is specifically concerned with casual relationships while conclusion validity is concerned with relationships in general (Measurement Of Validity Types, 2006). Observing that certain factors may be linked to certain outcomes, and examining all the possible links of an outcome is the main goal of internal validity. Another look at reliability will help in considering the precision of these predictions. Reliability represents the idea of accuracy, dependability, and consistency in research. Can the results be referred to as concrete? Are there any loopholes in the research? Has the research communicated the proper information and does everything correlate? These are questions that would be directed at examining the reliability of research. Test-Retest and Inter-rater reliability are two ways to measure the results of research. When multiple people are given assessments of some kind or are the subjects of some test, then similar people under the same circumstances should lead to scores that are similar or duplicates (Types Of Reliability, 2011). This is the idea of inter-rater reliability. Another mode of reliability is the administration of the same test among different participants and expecting the same or similar results (Types Of Reliability, 2011). This is known as Test-retest reliability. This method of measurement might be used to make determinations about the effectiveness of a school exam or personality test (Types Of Reliability, 2011). Surveys and other methods of research present the appropriate avenues for data collection. Data collection and measurement methods are used in human services to help organizations achieve leadership capacity and to achieve high performance outcomes. Agencies that track the effectiveness of their services through field studies and surveys will have a record of techniques that have worked best to fulfill mission goals. The evidence of such reported facts will come in handy in terms of funding, policy efforts, and keeping professionals educated. From psychological and behavioral aspects, interviews, test groups, and random assignment are just a few ways to collect data in controlled and uncontrolled environments. Human services use these methods to apply theory to real life situations. Human services depends on the effective analysis and measurements of research. Personal interpretations of measurements can be confusing. Therefore, reliability and validity are two ideas that refer to rating the effectiveness of research techniques. This paper has defined and described the two concepts of measurement known as reliability and validity, provided examples and supporting facts as to how these concepts apply to data collection in human services, and has evaluated the importance of the validity and reliability of data collection methods and instruments. Human services agencies rely on research to remain knowledgeable and capable of providing appropriate services to disadvantaged populations.

Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay -- Authors

Nathaniel Hawthorne, an American writer was the child of Elizabeth Clarke Manning and Nathaniel Hawthorne. He was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts. He is a descendent of a long line of Puritan ancestors which of one is his great-grandfather John Hathorne who was a judge in the Salem witch trials. He was not proud of his family’s background and in order to disassociate himself with them he added a â€Å"w† to his last name to make it Hawthorne. Hawthorne’s father was a ship Captain in the U.S. Navy and died of yellow fever when Hawthorne was four-years-old. After his father died his mother became overly protective of him and that left him to be shy and bookish. Later on that is what molded his career as a writer. In 1821 Hawthorne attended Bowdoin College and graduated four years later - He chose a school that was close to his mom and sisters. After graduation he turned his passion of writing and published his first novel Fanshawe. This novel was unsuccessful, but it did not discourage Hawthorne. A few years later he wrote a few short stories and â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† was one of the famous ones. After realizing he could not make a living as a writer (because of the financial needs) he decided to enter the work force. In 1839 he obtained a job with Boston Custom House, but was dismissed three years later. By 1842 his writings began to _______________ and he was able to maintain a suitable income. Only then did he marry Sofia Peabody and moved to The Manse in Concord, Massachusetts which was the center of the Transcendental movement. In 1845 Hawthorne returned to Salem and devoted himself to his most famous novel, The Scarlett Letter. He described this novel as a â€Å"hell-firing story.† It was published in 1850 and was an... ...ment. The townspeople of Boston stopped communicating with him because of the simple black veil that shielded his face. '"I don't like it,'' muttered an old woman,' as she hobbled into the meeting-house. ’He has changed himself into something awful, only by hiding his face.' The evidence of a veil concealing his face frightened the people of this small Puritan town. Elizabeth, his fiancà ©e demanded, "Lift the veil but once, and look me in the face." She established the fact that she and the other people are definitely afraid of the unknown. The veil teaches individuals to have courage and to abstain from arrogance. The people of the town were very arrogant in their mind set. They all contradicted to their principle beliefs; therefore, they were hypocrites of their own nature. The minister tried to reflect everyone's flaws by using the black veil as an object.

Micro-Economic Impacts on Tesco Plc

In this essay we are going to evaluate the micro economic factors on the activities and performance of Tesco. Tesco Plc (2011) states, that the retail industry is a highly competitive environment. Tesco competes with a wide variety of retailers of varying sizes and faces increased competition from UK retailers as well as international operators in the UK and overseas. Failure to compete with competitors on areas including price, product range, quality and service could have an adverse effect on the organisations financial results.Tesco aims to have a broad appeal on price, range and store format in a way that allows them to compete in different markets. There is a risk that Tesco may not deliver their stated strategy in full, particularly since, like all retailers; the business is susceptible to economic downturn that could affect consumer spending. 2. 0 The Extent of Competition in the Market Tesco is a multi-national grocery and general merchandising retailer. By revenue, Tesco is the fourth largest retailer in the world after Wal-Mart, Carrefour and Metro.With 4,811 across 14 countries in regards to profit, Tesco is the second largest retailer in the world. In the UK, Tesco operates in an oligopolistic market competing against three major retailers; Asda, Morrisons and Sainsbury’s. Oligopolistic markets are those which are dominated by a small group of larger firms with several smaller firms also competing in the market with minority market share. The concentration ratio of the retail market is 4:76. 2. Figure 2. 0. 1: Comparing the Grocery Market (Preston, 2008) Preston (2008) states, Tesco are the market leader with 31. % with Asda, Sainsbury’s and Morrison’s having a market share of 16. 9%, 16. 4%, 11. 5%.This means theoretically Tesco have monopoly power within the market but due to the intense competition which is apparent, they are not able to exploit their market power and discriminate against other firms as well as customers. How ever, there are still allegations that the major players within the market collude with one another to cause higher levels of barriers of entry and keep prices at a level which benefits all of the major firms. This protects their position within the market and allows them to set rices at any desirable level.With this happening these major players make it extremely difficult for start-up businesses to enter the market. 3. 0 Market Dominance In 1998 the market share for the grocery market showed that Tesco had 21. 8% of the market share. Asda had a market share of 12. 1% with Sainsbury’s share at 19. 9%. Morrisons and Safeway controlled 13. 3%. This gave a concentration ratio of 4:66. 1. However in figure 2. 0. 1, it shows that Tesco started to dominate the market and saw a rise in their market share from 21. 8% to 31. 4%.Presumably, within these 10 years Tesco’s used its economies of scale to gain this extra market share. With Tesco having a great majority of the market share they operate in, it allows them to possibly price discriminate. The way in which Tesco could do this is by having such a high market share they are capable of forcing competitors out of business and therefore, leaving only them to provide the products or services within that area. In addition to this, Tesco can under-price its products and services as with a greater market share they can reach economies of scale.Economies of scale arise when cost per unit falls as output increases. With having economies of scale Tesco’s can then be more productive than its competitors and supply more to its customers at better prices. For example if Tesco reach economies of scale they can get more from their suppliers with bulk buying allowing them to supply at lowers prices. By doing this poses a threat to smaller businesses that can be undercut by the competition. With a 30. 1% of the market share Tesco definitely do have some market dominance within the market via the instruments st ated above such as the potential to undercut competitors.However, they are not a monopoly and therefore, cannot fully price discriminate and set prices. As with doing this its custom see going to other companies within this market as the products and services they supply are similar. 4. 0 Economies of Scale Economies of scale are when higher output leads to lower average costs; such the average cost of production is reduced due to the increase in total output. Tesco has a very large scale business, opening new stores daily. There are currently more than 4,811 stores of Tesco worldwide.Since they are opening new stores regularly, they have to produce more. So as the volume of production increases, their average cost per unit has decreased. This has given Tesco a huge advantage over the other supermarkets especially those that are smaller in size. The large size of the firm means that it can benefit from further economies of scale in areas such as bulk buying, transportation, distribu tion, marketing and technology. A feature of their sales strategy is that they encourage customers to buy in bulk.They have special offers for that, such as buy one get one half price etc. These offers compel customers to buy more quantity, which in turn gives Tesco the advantage of selling more and consequently buying more, which in turn gives them a lower average cost. In an oligopolistic market, although it is difficult to prove, the likelihood is that the firms with majority market share collude with one another for the benefit of themselves. They will do so to maximise their profits as well as create higher levels of barriers of entry for new firms trying to enter the market.This has now become illegal in the UK by the 1965 Restrictive Trade Practices Act. 5. 0 Barriers to Entry Barriers to entry are the means by which Tesco’s potential competitors are blocked out. Due to Tesco’s monopolistic characteristics, Tesco will be able to enjoy higher profits in the long run as rivals have not diluted market share. Three barriers of entry are: Patents are legal property rights to prevent the entry of rivals. They are generally valid for an average of 20 years and give Tesco the right to prevent competitors from using patented products.Tesco can sell licences to competitors for a stated fee. Using Advertising and Marketing Tesco have developed customer loyalty; their club card has played a pivotal role in their customer loyalty. Thus making demand less sensitive to price; due to advertising leading to an outward shift in demand. Tesco engage in brand proliferation, as it is a firm which sells a vast range of products, this may portray Tesco differently to consumers. This is common barriers to entry in these types of markets as it is non-price competitions for household good. 6. 0 Porter’s Five ForcesIn order to evaluate the competitive environment surrounding Tesco, I shall utilise Porter’s five forces model illustrated in figure 2. Fig ure 6. 0. 1: Porter’s Five Forces Model (Zanthus, 2011) 6. 1 Bargaining Power of Buyers 0 The bargaining power of buyers is fairly high. 1 Products that have a slight differentiation; more standardised, the switching cost is considerably low, allowing the buyers to switch from one brand to another easily. 2 Prices are forced down by buyer’s power. For example, if bread is too expensive in Tesco, buyers will use their power and move to Asda.Supermarkets have a disciplined approach to price setting, stopping them from destroying each other in a profit/price war. 6. 2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 3 The bargaining power of suppliers is fairly low. 4 Suppliers fear losing contracts with major supermarkets, hence putting retailers like Tesco in a dominating position. Negotiations are therefore positive in order to get the lowest price achievable from the suppliers. 6. 3 Competitive Rivalry 5 The amount of competitive rivalry in the food and grocery retail industry is extrem ely high. 6 Tesco faces extreme competition from its key competitors; Asda, Sainsbury’s and Morrisons.Organisations are competing with each other over price, products and promotions sporadically. 7 Discount superstores such as Aldi and Lidl have taken over the market in current economic times, due to the recession. Keynote (2010) states, that during 2008, they recorded sales of over 25%. 6. 4 Threat of New Entrants 8 The threat of new entrants into the food retail industry is low. 9 Tesco and other supermarket chains put up considerable barriers to entry. Starting a new supermarket chain has barriers imposed on it, implicitly or explicitly, by the existing organisations.0 According to Mintel (2010) Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury’s and Morrisons account for 80% of all shopping carried out in the UK. 11 In order for new entrants to establish themselves they will have to produce something at an exceptionally low price and/or high quality. 6. 5 Threat of Substitute Products and Se rvices 12 The threat of substitutes in the grocery retail market is considerably low for food items whereas it’s medium to high for non-food items. 13 The substitutes for these major supermarkets are smaller firms such as convenience stores; but these are not seen as a threat to Tesco who offer high quality items at low prices.Tesco is however overcoming this threat by opening ‘Express’ stores in small towns and city centres, in effort of becoming an obstacle for substitutes hoping to enter the market. 14 In current economic times, customers will be drawn towards discounted prices, thus Tesco is a threat towards specialist shops. Due to the rivalry between these supermarket chains, a highly competitive environment can be maintained, and one that facilitates consumers a greater deal than a proliferation of small independent shopkeepers. 7. 0 Game Theory and Interdependence Game theory and interdependence are both linked together.Interdependence is when decisions o f two (or more) businesses have an effect on the other firm’s profits. Then when looking into interdependence the investigation into what happens is game theory. As Tesco has the highest share of the oligopoly it in theory has the most power of the market. However a competitor such as Sainsbury’s could easily affect the percentage share of the market Tesco has. This could be by Sainsbury’s lowering the prices of certain products and then with the decision that Tesco has to make, Tesco could end up losing either their percentage of share in the market or their profits.For example if Tesco decides to keep the price the same of an item which is on sale at Sainsbury’s then customers will decide to get the product from Sainsbury’s, thus Tesco lose money. However Tesco may also decide to lower the price of the item for sale at Sainsbury’s, however Tesco may not advertise the sale item as well as Sainsbury’s so again they may incur a loss as not many people know that the item is for sale. Many other examples could be used for interdependence for Tesco’s.If a competitor of Tesco such as Sainsbury’s decided to save costs because of the recession then Tesco could unexpectedly make more profits as a result. This is because Sainsbury’s could decide to save costs by cutting down the number of jobs and stop selling less profitable items. The effect this would have on Tesco’s would be positive. This would be due to the downturn in popularity of Sainsbury’s as a result of job losses around the country to save money. As big money companies cutting jobs is always very unpopular, as a resultSainsbury’s customers may well go to its competitors such as Tesco and thus Tesco gaining more money from more customers. With Sainsbury’s losing customers in this example, the demand curve for Tesco would shift to the right and as a result of more money being made the price level would be increa sed because of the increase in demand. 8. 0 Conclusion and Recommendations From the above analysis, it can be said that Tesco maintains to embrace its leading position in the highly competitive retail industry; in which organisations must follow both differentiated strategies and cost leadership.The core competencies of Tesco are aligned with the competitive operating environment, therefore highlighting a positive future outlook for the organisation. The company must constantly adapt to the fast changing circumstances. Strategy formulation should therefore be regarded as a process of continuous learning, which includes learning about the goals, the effect of possible actions towards these goals and how to implement and execute these actions.

Maketing Process Various Element Essay

The focus is the mass production. A business orientated around production believes that the â€Å"economies of scale† generated by mass production will reduce costs and maximise profits. In this process there is less focus on product design and packaging and even to be special or unique look, at the end customer are paying for the product and you pay for what you get. So for this is a plain marketing in my opinion. Product Orientation This approach is almost opposite to the previous one. This type of companies believes that its product’s high quality make it a superior product. Neglecting sometimes about the customer’s wants and needs. Sales Orientation Make the product, and then sell it to the target market. However as we know sales usually aren’t this simple. An effective marketing strategy requires market and marketing research. Market Orientation This type of strategy puts every effort to understand the customer and his needs. Market research is the key to launching new products or services, every single step. Jack Cohen started his business in a very critical period for the UK there where a food shortage after the First World War and a big crisis just got to its top Situation was very difficult! Jack Cohen applied a strategy of ‘pile it high and sell it cheap’. His strategy was a great success because he knew exactly what customer’s need and so for all his focus is to make sure there enough food for everyone. In London space is limited he went outside to bigger space this step was a great success. Jack Cohen did adapt to this problem of space by giving Tesco bigger place to promote its products. As he was focused on sales and customer needs he should have been on top of it all time but it did come a period where he didn’t realise that people after 2nd world war are changing and needs are not simple are very variable and complex, customers are looking for more than just what would satisfy their basic needs! And that’s where Tesco life cycle got into its down or decline that’s where Tesco did face problem. After a good few years of hardship Tesco managers have had another way of sorting all in once getting help from local authorities this was the key door to a new era Tesco newly born and adapting to the market needs segmentation of the market through offering different stores in size and product will make Tesco the though number1 of stores as different ages and categories is attracted, he had the price already in good and successful strategy low enough to attract individuals from low household income and the loyalty cards that offers more saving. According to (Kotler, Marketing management) marketing should be dealt with and visualised around minimum 4 elements, product, place, price, and promotion and in further editions of his book he added other elements to those as politic, public†¦ I think Tesco have a good name and long history and that needs to be highlighted more and more, a good marketing strategy needs on top of pricing as well positioning the product and make it unique in satisfying that group of people’s needs, so for sibling a group of people and making a product to satisfy their needs and give it the price that makes them happy and promoting this product. Sale is the outcome or a result but don’t forget to make them come back by giving after sale service, where the customer will be secure and happy knowing he has been backed up by you the seller. Your supermarket or place of shopping, it’s not only where you buy your food supply from as well as the name that you trust and adhere to, as a business focusing on your existing customers it’s a better strategy than trying always to win more customers. By listening to your customers and knowing their needs and the after sales service will give the company a longer life cycle.

Free Essays on Angie Martinaz

Music appreciation Last week I was invited to Las Vegas .My mom doesn’t get to see me that much since I went to collage and I thought I needed a vacation. I was just expecting to see my friend and have a little fun too. When I arrived my mom informed me that she had to take an important client to dinner and that see was not going to get to spend as much time with me as expected. So I called one of my friend and we went out. When I arrived my friend was all excited because by chance she won two tickets to this Latin band that was playing at Huntrige Theater. I said ok and we went. When I got there I was not sure what to expect because I really am not in to Latin music but my friend Mary was. Her whole family including her was from Mexico City and where she is from they listen to this music all the time, so I decided to give it a chance. The audience mostly spoke Spanish and I had a sudden feeling I just took a one way flight to Mexico. The cretins opened and there stood two guys playing the bongo drums really fast in a repetitive fashion ,it was exciting to see this culture to express there self. Then gracefully came out the girl of the hour Miss Angie Martinez. She was very flamboyant but at the same time she want a sore cite on the eyes ether. She started to sing a couple of bars in Spanish and the started to kind of raped the song in English. I was blown a way how she mixed this to cultures and styles of music together. The concert kept getting more amazing after each set and then she started to play a song that kind of sounded familiar . I realized that I know who this performer was the whole time. She gained her fame in the hip pop community for singing the hook on this rapper Fat Joes, Neptune produced hit, ‘Mamacita’ she was awesome. Then to the audiences... Free Essays on Angie Martinaz Free Essays on Angie Martinaz Music appreciation Last week I was invited to Las Vegas .My mom doesn’t get to see me that much since I went to collage and I thought I needed a vacation. I was just expecting to see my friend and have a little fun too. When I arrived my mom informed me that she had to take an important client to dinner and that see was not going to get to spend as much time with me as expected. So I called one of my friend and we went out. When I arrived my friend was all excited because by chance she won two tickets to this Latin band that was playing at Huntrige Theater. I said ok and we went. When I got there I was not sure what to expect because I really am not in to Latin music but my friend Mary was. Her whole family including her was from Mexico City and where she is from they listen to this music all the time, so I decided to give it a chance. The audience mostly spoke Spanish and I had a sudden feeling I just took a one way flight to Mexico. The cretins opened and there stood two guys playing the bongo drums really fast in a repetitive fashion ,it was exciting to see this culture to express there self. Then gracefully came out the girl of the hour Miss Angie Martinez. She was very flamboyant but at the same time she want a sore cite on the eyes ether. She started to sing a couple of bars in Spanish and the started to kind of raped the song in English. I was blown a way how she mixed this to cultures and styles of music together. The concert kept getting more amazing after each set and then she started to play a song that kind of sounded familiar . I realized that I know who this performer was the whole time. She gained her fame in the hip pop community for singing the hook on this rapper Fat Joes, Neptune produced hit, ‘Mamacita’ she was awesome. Then to the audiences...

Israeli conflict persuasive essay (Israeli side) essays

Arab/Israeli conflict persuasive essay (Israeli side) essays Israeli/Arab Conflict Persuasive Essay From the sudden Diaspora in ancient Roman times, until about 50 years ago, Jews have been in dire need for a homeland where they could live and worship in peace. Persecution of the Jews in Europe and Russia proves that Jews need Israel as their homeland to survive. The causes and history of their need for Israel and the aftermath of when it legally became theirs coupled with what is going on currently all points to one answer. The Jews both deserve and require Israel. The Arabs have rejected several of the Israelis plans to make peace, and have invaded Israel several times, which is why the Jews were forced to fight back. First, we must look to the past for the causes of the Jews needing Israel. In 70 C.E the Jews were persecuted and ultimately kicked out of Israel by the Romans, who renamed ancient Israel Palestine. Ever since this has happened the Jews have been trying to find a safe place for themselves and have been given a hard time more than once. The hatred towards the Jews is called anti-Semitism, which prevented them from having a safe place to live. Anti-Semitism was expressed through Pogroms, which were organized acts of violence against Jews in Russia and Poland that occurred during the last couple centuries. Also, Jews were forced to live in ghettoes, or un-kept slums of the cities throughout Europe and the Middle East. There was also a major persecution of Jews called the Holocaust in which over 6 million Jews were murdered. These acts spurred Zionism, or the desire to establish a Jewish homeland in what was known as Palestine. (Israel) Zionists were so intent and determined to make Israel their home, as they would say goodbye to each other, theyd say, Next time in Israel. Eventually, Israelis legally bought land through Arab landowners that lived in Istanbul called Effendis and Israels independence was declared on May 14, 1948. ...

Biography of Hans Eysenck

Biography of Hans Eysenck Hans Eysenck (1916-1997) was a German-born British psychologist whose best-known work focused on personality and intelligence. He was also a highly controversial figure because of his assertion that racial differences in intelligence were the result of genetics.   Fast Facts: Hans Eysenck Full Name: Hans Jà ¼rgen EysenckKnown For: Eysenck was a psychologist best known for his work in the areas of personality and intelligenceBorn: March 4, 1916 in Berlin, GermanyDied: September 4, 1997 in London, EnglandParents: Eduard Anton Eysenck and Ruth EysenckEducation: Ph.D., University College LondonKey Accomplishments: The most frequently cited British psychologist in scientific journals before his death. Prolific author of over 80 books and more than one thousand articles. Founding editor of the journal Personality and Individual Differences Early Life Hans Eysenck was born in Berlin, Germany, in 1916. He was an only child and his parents were stage and screen performers. His mother was Jewish and his father was Catholic. Shortly after he was born, his parents divorced, leaving Eysenck to be raised by his Jewish maternal grandmother. Eysenck despised the Nazis, so after graduating from secondary school in 1934, he emigrated to London. His initial plan was to study physics at University College London, but due to a lack of prerequisites in the physics department, he ended up getting a degree in psychology instead. He went on to complete his Ph.D. there in 1940 under the supervision of Cyril Burt. Career By the time Eysenck graduated, World War II had started. Eysenck was declared an enemy alien and was almost interned. Initially, he was unable to find a job due to his status. Finally in 1942, with the ease of restrictions, Eysenck found a position at North London’s Mill Hill Hospital as a research psychologist. He went on to found the psychology department at the Institute of Psychiatry after the war, where he stayed until his retirement in 1983.  Eysenck continued pursuing research and writing until his death in 1997. He produced articles and books on a plethora of subjects, leaving behind over 80 books and over 1,600 articles. He was also the founding editor of the influential journal Personality and Individual Differences. Before he passed away, Eysenck was the most cited British psychologist in social science journals.   Contributions to Psychology One of Eysenck’s most significant contributions to psychology was his pioneering work on personality traits. Eysenck was among the first to use the statistical technique called factor analysis to reduce the number of possible traits down to a specific set of dimensions. Initially, Eysenck’s model included only two traits: extraversion and neuroticism. Later, he added the third trait of psychoticism. Today, the Big Five model of personality is considered the gold standard for trait measurement, but the Big Five echoes Eysenck’s model in several ways. Both models include extraversion and neuroticism as traits and Eysencks psychoticism includes elements of the Big Five traits conscientiousness and agreeableness. Eysenck also made the argument that there is a biological component to traits. He claimed that biology combined with the environment to create personality, accounting for the importance of both nature and nurture. Controversial Beliefs Eysenck is known for sparking a great deal of controversy in the field of psychology. One of his major targets was psychoanalysis, which he argued was unscientific. Instead, he was a vocal advocate for behavioral therapy and was largely responsible for establishing clinical psychology in the United Kingdom. In addition, he claimed that there was no evidence that cigarettes cause cancer. Instead, he said that there was a link between personality, smoking, and cancer. His research on the topic was done with the support of the tobacco industry. Although it was a conflict of interest, Eysenck argued that it didn’t matter where funding came from as long as studies were done correctly. The biggest controversy Eysenck became embroiled in was over intelligence. After his student Arthur Jenson asserted in an article that racial differences in intelligence were inherited, Eysenck defended him. He fanned the flames of the backlash even more by writing a book on the subject called The IQ Argument: Race, Intelligence, and Education. However, in his autobiography he was more moderate, saying that environment and experience also play a significant role in intelligence. Key Works Dimensions of Personality (1947)The Effects of Psychotherapy: An Evaluation. Journal of Consulting Psychology (1957)Uses and Abuses of Psychology (1953)The Structure and Measurement of Intelligence (1979)Rebel with a Cause: The Autobiography of Hans Eysenck (1997) Sources Buchanan, Rod. Eysenck, Hans Jà ¼rgen. Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Encyclopedia.com, 27 June 2019. https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/medicine/psychology-and-psychiatry-biographies/hans-jurgen-eysenckBuchanan, Roderick D. Looking Back: The Controversial Hans Eysenck. The Psychologist, vol. 24, 2011, pp. 318-319. https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-24/edition-4/looking-back-controversial-hans-eysenckCherry, Kendra. â€Å"Psychologist Hans Eysenck Biography.† Verywell Mind, 3 June 2019. https://www.verywellmind.com/hans-eysenck-1916-1997-2795509GoodTherapy. â€Å"Hans Eysenck (1916-1997).† 7 July 2015. https://www.goodtherapy.org/famous-psychologists/hans-eysenck.htmlMcAdams, Dan.  The Person: An Introduction to the Science of Personality Psychology. 5th ed., Wiley, 2008.McLeod, Saul. â€Å"Theories of Personality.† Simply Psychology, 2017. https://www.simplypsychology.org/personality-theories.htmlSchatzman, Morton. Obituary: Professor Ha ns Eysenck. The Independent, 8 September 1997. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-professor-hans-eysenck-1238119.html

Wal mart Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wal mart - Assignment Example Walmart Inc. operates more than 11,000 stores across 27 countries around the globe. Most of the international stores of Walmart are in Africa, Argentina, Brazil, China, Japan, Canada, Chile, Mexico, UK, and Central America. This is because they enjoy monopoly in countries without such vibrant stores and the population of the countries is a source of customers. b. Provide a trend analysis for years 2011, 2012 and 2013 as to where Walmart expanded and/or divested in its domestic and international markets. That is, where did they open and/or close their stores. Also pay attention to the type of stores they are opening and/or closing. Walmart has six different types of stores opened across the world. Among them is the Supercenter, quick-trip to a convenience store, Discount store, Sam’s Club warehouse stores, Campus convenience stores. The company decided to enhance selling of groceries since they learnt that food sells as compared to other stuff Consolidated net sales for the entire fiscal year were $466.1 billion representing an increase of 5.0% over fiscal 2012. Net sales included about $4.0 billion from acquisitions and approximately $4.5 billion of negative impact from currency fluctuations of exchange rate. Membership and other income was $3.0 billion, showing a decrease of 1.6 percent from the previous year. The total revenue was $469.2 billion increasing by $22.2billion or 5%. Income from continuing operations connected to Walmart was $17.0 billion, which is a 7.8 % increase from $15.8 billion in the previous fiscal year. 2013 fiscal was $5.02 as compared to last year’s $4.54, a 10.6% increase. The effective tax rate for the wholeyear was 31.0 percent, compared to 32.6 percent for the prior year. The trend in the analysis shows that Walmart has a financial graph that is rising between 2011 and 2013. This comes as a result of having a fiscal policy that is organized

Ethics wssay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics wssay - Essay Example This good reputation will continue earning it more revenues owing to the fact that more customers repurchase vehicles and attracts new customers. The employees of the organization will feel that their employer cares about them and for this reason they will have the impetus to increase their productivity, and there will be a reduction in labor turnover (Institute, 2010). However, the organization will be experience some bottlenecks in case the legislature passes laws that will strip off its tax benefits. The operations of the organization will have to change and there will be lower profits. Uncertainty is not good for business; the organization should always strive to be in control or to influence action where possible. Volkswagen can allow the vote to go through as this is in line with the organization’s ethical culture of promoting the workers’ welfare. The Promotion of the workers’ welfare will enhance productivity, minimize the labor expenses ascribed to the exit of employees, and maintain a good public image. The organization also needs to gain support from the legislature and the governor on the importance of ethical behavior to a flourishing business. This meeting with the law-making authorities is essential for the out and out clarification of the rationale for the decision in order for the organization to limit the probability of negative consequences. The organization needs to let the state know that the success of the business is advantageous to the state in terms of additional revenue generation. An explanation to the state will also give the organization an even better reputation for risking its business for the welfare of its employees (Institute, 2010). This deci sion will portray the organization as one that has a commitment to bringing positive change in the culture of non-unionism. The state is likely to support the organization in the quest to maintain the state’s popularity as a caring authority for its citizen’s welfare.

Pathophysiology of Sickel Cell disease Research Paper

Pathophysiology of Sickel Cell disease - Research Paper Example It results from homozygosity for a mutation in the beta globin gene and is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance (Passarge, 2007). A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) occurs in the beta globin chain, which results in the substitution of the amino acid residue glutamine at position 6 for valine. An individual may have one such abnormal gene and another normal gene and is said to be heterozygous. When a couple that is heterozygous for HbS give birth to children, there is a likelihood of one or more of the children inheriting these HbS genes from each of the parents. When this happens, the child has both HbS genes and is said to be homozygous for HbS. This is when a child suffers from sickle cell disease. This disorder has potentially serious complications and early medication (prior to the development of symptoms) can advance morbidity and mortality. It affects hemoglobin, a protein that is part of red blood cells, which is responsible for oxygen transport. It is characterized by the presence of sickle cells in the bloodstream, which is also known as erythrocyte sickling. This causes difficulties in circulating red blood cells as the blood vessels get clogged and cause symptoms such as pain in the extremities (Gordon, 2000). This disorder develops within the first 2 years, and the symptoms can be traced back to two main phenomena which are hemolysis and clots. Hemolysis causes chronic anemia, jaundice, lack of growth and sexual maturation. The vascular occlusions cause crisis musculoskeletal pain, increase susceptibility to bacterial infections (S. pneumonia, K. pneumonia, Homophiles influenza, etc.), cerebral infarction, and renal impairment. As a consequence of the mutation, when the hemoglobin is deoxygenated, it spontaneously undergoes polymerization to form a crystalline gel. Each polymer is composed of longitudinal beams 14 of deoxy-Hb which are arranged to form a tactoid body, insoluble and rigid

Organizational Culture In The Toyota Company Case Study

Organizational Culture In The Toyota Company - Case Study Example When Toyota built plants in the west, they attempted to copy Toyota’s production system details without studying the difference between how workers in the East felt about their work compared to their Western counterparts. This difference can be referred to as employee engagement. Western employers have begun to realize the huge value to be realized from engaging their workforce. However, apart from running surveys aimed at discovering how engaged their employees are, not many are aware of how to synthesize engagement. When Toyota’s cars were recalled, those recalled had been made in the West. The recalls did not happen to vehicles manufactured in the East since the employees could have spotted them due to their engagement. Employees in the West might have noticed the faults, but due to their disengagement, did not report it. Negative reports regarding Toyota came to such functions as customer satisfaction, risk analysis, and government. The corporate culture at Toyota needs increased evaluation instead of making assumptions that their culture is aligned to that of the West. Their corporate culture bred leaders whose most pressing concern was saving face, which led to the postponement of making the recalls. These problems have proved to be problematic for Toyota because they do not dismiss a worker because of temporary absence resulting from illness or injury. Additionally, the scope of this provision granting increased protection to officials of the unions, as well as members, should see an increase due to the initial adverse action cases brought before the appellate court. If, as claimed by the unions, those dismissed happen to be union representatives, then Toyota is in for a rough ride. Toyota has been swamped by this culture clash because of the lack of communication and consultation. Traditionally, Toyota has prided itself on its communicative skills with its workforce and its exemplary teamwork.

Organizational and Management Processes Within Health Systems Coursework

Organizational and Management Processes Within Health Systems - Coursework Example The health sector is citizens oriented and ought to live to the expectation of both the government and the public. Different players have a strategic responsibility, but this paper will focus on an internal aspect of Nigerian hospitals. The alignment of activities and resources in healthcare system are classically aimed at improving the quality of service and efficiency both in service delivery and utilization of resources (Merson et al., 2009. 16-21) Corporate culture plays a significant role in employee satisfaction and therefore service delivery. Managers play an important role in the creation of culture in an organization and learning it. This allows the management to separate cultural artifices with a positive impact on service delivery from non-progressive norms. There are many contending variables in the organizations culture. The changing needs and expectation of stakeholders like the contradicting needs of the patients, the providers and regulators create inconsistencies and send mixed signals. Moreover, it handles the maintenance of most inefficient practices and is, therefore, important that the discussion about organizational culture be started (Swayne, 2014. 17). Learning an organizational culture in health will allow managers to identify specific areas and norms that affect service delivery and its efficient utilization of resources. Culture to some degree is shaped by incentives and understanding it in health, allows the managers and regulators to identify specific areas they can encourage change or improvement. Culture determines how an organization does things. It is, therefore, imperative that progressive stagnant culture are separated and dealt with accordingly through identification (Watkins, 2013, 8-14) We should be moving towards learning organizational culture in health care systems. Culture is a factor that determines the quality of service

Access and Accessibility Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Access and Accessibility - Literature review Example The obvious aspect, therefore, is that accessibility is linked with numerous socio-economic opportunities and hindrances. Accessibility refers to the measure of the ability of a location to be reached by different people around it, or to reach different locations. It is, thus apparent that the scope and arrangement of all transport infrastructures are essential in determining accessibility to green spaces in urban areas (Comber et al 2011, p. 30). Access, on the other hand, refers to the capacity to go into or leave a green space. Access is, hence an absolute determinant of whether a location can be entered or exited. This paper appreciates both the concepts of access and accessibility and looks into the intricacies of both geographical elements with regard to green spaces in urban areas (Van 2007, p. 18). This is bound to provide an in-depth understanding of the green spaces in towns and cities, offering leeway for determining accessibility and access of green spaces in major towns (Van Herzele 2003, p. 120) As noted, access and accessibility are quite distinct. While accessibility varies according to one’s position, access is a relative concept, which is equal for all persons in an area. For instance, an areas of green space can be accessible by any person, be it by persons of high socio-economic status, low status, persons with disabilities, or fully-able bodied persons. Access to urban green space is, therefore, uniform wherever one is situated in the vicinity of the green space, provided that there is a capacity to enter or exit the green space (Heywood, Carver and Cornelius 2006, p. 96). When assessing the viability of the green spaces in urban areas, two important concepts must be considered. These are distance and time. These two factors typically affect accessibility in different capacities. Firstly, distance between the green space and a person’s location is bound to affect one’s ability to reach the green space and the time it takes to arrive at the green s pace (Handy and Niemeier 1997, p. 1183). In addition, time is relative in terms of the duration it takes for a green space to develop fully after its establishment. Time is relative because different locations within an urban area have distinct speed limits, which affect the time taken to travel through these locations. Distance does not change, but is it a contributor to the overall speed used to reach a specific green space. Because not all locations within an urban area are equally accessible, this implies inequality. The concept of accessibility, therefore, relies on two paramount factors that is the location and distance. Analyzing distance and location of the green space is a key aspect of GIS analysis (Kong, Yin, and Nakagoshi 2007 , p. 249). Firstly, location measures accessibility with regard to other green spaces in the areas and around the urban area. Infrastructure supports movement to and from green spaces. This implies that accessibility of green spaces is relatively p roportional to a

Organizational and Management Processes Within Health Systems Coursework

Organizational and Management Processes Within Health Systems - Coursework Example The health sector is citizens oriented and ought to live to the expectation of both the government and the public. Different players have a strategic responsibility, but this paper will focus on an internal aspect of Nigerian hospitals. The alignment of activities and resources in healthcare system are classically aimed at improving the quality of service and efficiency both in service delivery and utilization of resources (Merson et al., 2009. 16-21) Corporate culture plays a significant role in employee satisfaction and therefore service delivery. Managers play an important role in the creation of culture in an organization and learning it. This allows the management to separate cultural artifices with a positive impact on service delivery from non-progressive norms. There are many contending variables in the organizations culture. The changing needs and expectation of stakeholders like the contradicting needs of the patients, the providers and regulators create inconsistencies and send mixed signals. Moreover, it handles the maintenance of most inefficient practices and is, therefore, important that the discussion about organizational culture be started (Swayne, 2014. 17). Learning an organizational culture in health will allow managers to identify specific areas and norms that affect service delivery and its efficient utilization of resources. Culture to some degree is shaped by incentives and understanding it in health, allows the managers and regulators to identify specific areas they can encourage change or improvement. Culture determines how an organization does things. It is, therefore, imperative that progressive stagnant culture are separated and dealt with accordingly through identification (Watkins, 2013, 8-14) We should be moving towards learning organizational culture in health care systems. Culture is a factor that determines the quality of service

Performance Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Performance Management - Essay Example 2. Can the culture of an organization be changed to increase performance? Yes, the culture of an organization can be changed to increase performance because in today’s environment, change in the business environment is typical because of the rapid developments of technology. Business has been exposed to different stimuli, like economic crisis, globalization and technological changes. Changes in the organization are imperative because of the external developments and market development. The conditions obtaining in the market dictates for a culture change in the organization for survival reasons. For instance, in high technology firms, technological innovations becomes critical in responding to fast changes, so much so that innovation highly depends on acquiring new knowledge. 3. As a senior leader in an organization what can you do to change the culture and in turn increase performance of the business? To change an organizational culture is a difficult task because it has been entrenched and grown over time. Often times, people and management are too comfortable in it to attempt for a change and only a dramatic or significant event can change this culture like bankruptcy, loss of sales and customers or maybe lives. In starting a cultural change, senior leader should make an assessment, results of which could make one happy or sad. As a senior leader, he should have a keen eye to watch emotions, why they are excited or upset on things that matter. The leader should also be a watchful observer of objects displayed or hang on the walls that may present convictions, and to watch for things that are not there. A senior leader should be curious for things that are not mentioned by employees, but something that is very much important to management like customers. To change an entrenched culture, leader should first of all win the hearts and minds of the people he is working with. This cannot happen in a very short while, but it will take persuasion and patience. First, people should understand why change of culture is necessary, second, leader should know the cost of the change as it will entail shift from present design to a new one, and third, is to find ways how to motivate the people, and last, is to practice the organizational politics. 4. As an HR leader in an organization what can you do to change the culture and in turn increase performance of the business? Since it is inevitable that all things flow from the head, the values of the leader of any organization are reflected in the organization’s culture. In changing the culture of the organization, a leader must be able to communicate the vision of where the organization needs to go, and at this aspect, the leader must be trustworthy. In this context, it is seen that the transformation of the employees is the responsibility of the HR leader in the organization and the duty of the subordinates to receive and implement. Generally, employees are happy when they feel they are tru sted and important in the company. As an HR leader, there is a need to study the company’s personnel structure and find each employee’s strength. In working for a culture change, an HR leader should get

Pros and cons Essay Example for Free

Pros and cons Essay Reality shows is a genre of television show that screens unscripted dramatic or funny situations, reenacting true stories. These shows are usually acted out by normal people instead of professional actors. Hence, this essay will explain the pros and cons of reality shows and why they are so popular. Firstly, reality shows are really fascinating. By watching how the actors speak and behave in unexpected situations, the audience would be able to reiterate them and get out of awkward situations. For instance, watching a reality show that screens a typical life of a lazy student. When a student is unable to hand in his assignment, he can say that he was suffering from a bad headache and promise to hand in the next morning. Secondly, reality shows displays freedom and free speech. As reality shows basically reflects our actions in our daily lives. This will help the viewers to gain the confidence in voicing out their opinions. In other words, democracy can be seen in this situation. Whereby, the people have an equal opportunity to express their opinion on the laws and the actions of their country. Thus, reality shows are popular as it helps to bring out the voices of the people. However, there are also cons to reality shows. From the young to adults and from schools to workplaces, people are discussing about the reality shows they have watched. The reality shows have become a common topic for the people that seperates the different topic for different age range. From this, disadvantages can be observed because this causes a line to be drawn between the young and the adult. Parents and children will not be able to communicate properly and conflicts may rise. Children will think that their parents do not understand them and thus growing apart from each other, affecting their relationship. Lastly, reality shows normally target the adolescence. As part of the media strategy, the reality shows timings are set at night and will affect the student’s studies greatly. Instead of studying at home, the students will watch the television programmes. As a result, not only affecting their study grades but also affect their future career prospects. In conclusion, reality shows are popular as it helps the audience to escape awkward situations by reiterating the actors words and also help to build up confidence in individuals. Though there are bad effects of reality shows, for example, students not studying and instead watching the programmes. This shows why reality shows are so popular. Lol okay sorry Jinbo. I think this essay very crappy x_x you’d probably have vomited like 2 or 3 buckets of blood by the time you reach the end of the composition. My bad 😠¡

Teaching and Technology Essay -- Teaching Education Essays

Teaching and Technology Technology is ever changing the ways in which we learn. There are many different technologies, but the biggest, and most recent is the very influential computer. Both in and out of the classroom computers impact the education of people around the world. In the beginning of the computer age, there were simple computers (very simple compared to now). The first computers were so big that one of them was the size of an entire room. As technology advanced, the computer became smaller and more popular. The smaller computers became part of everyday life. That is how the personal computer (PC) evolved, and spread thoughout the world. Schools did not have any real need for computers, when the personal computer first came out. Any typing that needed to be done was done on a typewriter. Even if schools did get computers, they did not have any teachers with the knowledge to use them efficiently, let alone teach with on a computer. As computers became ever more popular, and their technology became more important in society, schools began using them in the classrooms. Having on a computer or two in the corner of on a classroom did not necessarily guarantee their successful use. Students may have used them to play games and type, but that was not an effective use of computers. Now, schools are becoming more technologically hip. Computer classes have been brought into schools. Students are usually required to take, at least, basic computer skills training classes. However, as of now, it is not required that high school students take any courses about the Internet and how it works with and for the student. The Internet was started by the United States Department of Defense in 1969 with four hosts: the Unive... ...ieval, in the 1999-2000 school year, 17 percent of the school technology funds went towards teacher training. Although the numbers are rising, teachers need more than just a quick course in technology. They need skills and knowledge, not just a little knowledge. "The Internet is not a panacea for every problem in education. We need to be realistic. But we also must realize that the Internet is a tool that can help us empower every student and elevate each individual to new levels of intellectual capacity and skill. That is the great opportunity of this new technology." 1. http://interact.hpcnet.org/webcommission/ProfessionalDevelopment.htm 2. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/5461/paper_1.html (Guillermo E. Pedroni) 3. http://www.ceofrm.org/history.cfm 4. http://interact.hpcnet.org/webcommission/Section_1.htm 5. http://www.rtec.org/nr_tec.html

The Psychology Behind the Serial Killer Essay -- Psychological Essays

The Psychology Behind the Serial Killer Creeping around the shadowy house, the predator found its prey waking to strange sounds. The victim lay facedown, with a sweating forehead pressed fearfully into the pillow, silently praying the noises would just go away. Suddenly the victim found himself straddled and pinned to the bed. He was unable to scream for help due to the pressure of the handle of a pick-axe against his throat, preventing any breath from escaping, much less any sound. The victim struggled beneath the weight of the assailant. The scant light from the sodium-arc street light outside cast a peculiar silhouette on the walls of the darkened room, projecting an image that looked oddly like that of a cowboy saddled upon a bucking bull at a rodeo. Struggling to dismount the attacker, the victim felt the piercing blows of the sharp point of the pickaxe, succumbing to death only after receiving eleven stab wounds to the chest and throat. The thrill of the kill was stimulating enough that, when interviewed later, the murderer reported â€Å"popping a nut,† that is, becoming so sexually aroused by the event, to the point of having an orgasm (Pearson, 1998). Does this sound like the heinous acts of Jeffrey Dahmer, Jack The Ripper, or Ted Bundy? How about the petite, pretty, fawnlike, Texas teen named Karla Faye Tucker? A woman? A killer? A sexual predator? Never before had such a thing been heard of, until Miss Tucker. Typically, when one thinks of serial killers, such images as Son of Sam, John Wayne Gacy, or the Boston Strangler, come to mind. Though these men do indeed fit the description, there are many myths and misconceptions surrounding the definition of serial killer, first and foremost that serial ... ...1998). Essential criminology. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Monahan, J. & Steadman, H. (1984). Crime and mental disorder: Research in brief. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice. Pearson, P. (1998). When she was bad: How and why women get away with murder. New York: Penguin Putnam, Inc. Redl, F. & Toch, H. (1979). The psychological approach to crime, in Toch, H. (Ed.). Psychology of Crime and Criminal Justice. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Redl, F. & Wineman, D. (1951). Children who hate. New York: Free Press. Ressler, R. K. & Shachtman, T. (1997). I have lived in the monster. New York: St. Martin’s Press. Severence, L., Goodman, J., & Loftus, E. (1992). Inferring the criminal mind: Toward a bridge between legal doctrine and psychological understanding. Journal Of Criminal Justice, 20. 107-120.

Personal statement on family medicine Essay

Growing up in a family of physicians has immensely sprung up my desire of taking medicine. During those years of spending moments with my parents in their medical activities, my decision of pursuing medicine was firmly shaped. For all those times, I realized that being a doctor is not merely the joy of being called a medical practitioner. Neither does ends the career of healing the sick and saving patients on the brink of death. Being a doctor offers more rewards that are intangible and worth more than gold and silver. By helping one person revert back to his normal life is alleviating the burden of a group of people. In putting a smile to a tormented person brings forth semblance of hope. Moreover, the profession gives a chance of becoming part of one’s life during his stage of recuperation and survival. In addition, it provides an opportunity for medical practitioners to expand their knowledge by every case they deal with in everyday of their lives. Most importantly, being a doctor provides sense of worth of being a human and being part of the society. Furthermore, I consider the practice of medicine as the most independent and zealous way of affording service to the masses. These were more than fascinating factors that drove me to spend my life in practicing medicine. In fulfilment of my desire to practice medicine, I bravely braced the barriers of my insurmountable dream. After graduating from medical school, I took every chance to applying my earned knowledge in actual life. I first applied my knowledge in my hometown, particularly in Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Hospital. In there, I spent a period of one year giving assistance and taking the chance to learn from all departments of the hospital. Another year was well spent as intern in the Institute on Mental Health in Hyderabad. Due to my aspiration to further expand my knowledge and pursue Family Medicine, I moved to US and took my Masters in Clinical Nutrition. In US, I grabbed every chance to explore more the real world of medicine. I finished externship in several hospitals in Kentucky which includes University of Louisville School of Medicine, Norton Hospital, Western Maryland Health Systems, and even in Christos St. John Hospital in Texas. My duties then include participating in case discussion, formulating diagnosis, taking history, and general physical examination, among others. During my externship, I had also been into clinical research. Within those periods, I came to understand really the life of a physician. From there I further conclude that time of a physician is owned by the call of duty. For a moment of exposure, my determination was put to test. Working in a fast phasing and demanding environment was time consuming and exhausting. There are also cases when personal life cannot be inserted in the daily schedule. In addition, some patients tend to sip all the strength of physician because of their inquisitiveness, naughtiness, or crankiness. However, through patience, perseverance, good time management, and teamwork, the loads in a physician’s life would be eased. Despite of those hardships, I successfully finished my externship and from there, I earned more courage to face the barriers on my path to practice Family Medicine. After my studies, I intend to spend my medical life in Family Medicine. I choose Family Medicine because it encompasses the total health care of an individual and of the whole family. It is a specialty that is not limited to only one aspect but rather involves behavioural, biological, and clinical science. Significantly, it specializes in preventing the spread of disease instead of curing it. As a medical student, I believe that it is more rewarding to prevent the occurrence of disease rather than exerting efforts to heal the disease. Moreover, I want to pursue residency in Family Medicine because I want to dedicate my time attending to the needs of patients, especially during time of emergency. Likewise, I want to utilize my life understanding and alleviating the suffering of my fellowmen. From the very starting point of my journey to medical profession, I never came to a point of regretting or backing out. Instead, my eagerness and my desire to finish my studies and get my license grew even more. From those struggles I successfully won, I have built a strong backbone that I shall use in the future. But then, those efforts would not be of sense unless I would finish Family Medicine Residency program.

Analysis of Home Safety of the Elderly Living in City and Rural Areas

Analysis of Home Safety of the Elderly Living in City and Rural Areas 1. Absract Physiological changes and chronic diseases arising during aging process increase risk of accident of the elderly, especially the elderly living alone at their homes. Home accidents are the most commonly health problem in the elderly. This study was carried out to describe home safety of the elderly living in a city or rural area using a home safety checklist. 512 living in Turkey (330 in city; 182 in rural area) were evaluated via face-to-face interview using a home safety checklist during a period between December and March in 2007. In addition to sociodemographics, a questionnaire including home characteristics and life style of participants was applied. To describe home safety level, Home Safety Checklist was used. 2-Introduction Aging, which is a part of life and a nonrecoverable process. Developments in the field of tecnology,health and nutrition increasing life expectancy in the general population has led to an increased incidence of elderly population. Especially in industrialized countries, this increase is faster. The increase in elderly population by bringing with it social problems, particularly affecting the family structure of the elderly living alone is cause Depending on the time during the aging process in human organism, physical, physiological and psychological changes are emerging. Decrease with aging occur in the physical abilities, to continue their activities of daily living and home-related poses an obstacle to the execution of work. Physiological changes and the age of progress emerged due to chronic diseases, especially those living alone at home often face with the risk of accidents . An important part of the problems faced by the elderly home accidents constituted. Physiological changes and dementia as well as some chronic diseases, norooftalmalojik findings, progressive hearing loss, posture, balance and gait disturbances and sensory changes, has led to increased risk of accidents. The elderly, the most important preventive safety applications, one of the age-related physiological deficiency in developing corrective to troubleshoot instruments (hearing aid, glasses, etc.. ) Usage as a domestic accident may lead to removal of conditions must be determined. Therefore, in recent years in elderly home safety and home safety inspection and control increased the importance of the list. In this context, is widely used in the field of health inspection and control lists, and application tools are the most important ergonomic evaluation. 3-Explict Statemnet Of The Study Objective Including Operational Definition: This study used a home safety check list and the elderly living at home in our country, the security situation in the house and emerged with aging in terms of accident risks in order to examine the status of housing are planned. Sample Groups: Sample 1:The elderly who is living in the city Sample 2:The elderly who is living in the rural areas Variables: Age This variables;the elderly who is living in the city Gender and the rural areas used to investigate the Education demograhic datas. Marriage Status Occupational Status House type This variables; the elderly who is living in the city Private roomsand the rural areas was used to examine the status of Domestic Availabilitytheir home. Satisfaction: Financial Status: Living Arrengement: This variables;the elderly who is living in the city and the Leisure Activities rural areas was used to examine the their life style. Security Score p: is degree of freedom: In statistics, the number of degrees of freedom is the number of values in the final calculation of a statistic that are free to vary 4-Methodology Section: This descriptive type of study,we selected 512 elder people with random sampling method. 30 of 512 elder person which we select in the city and 182 of 512 which we collect in the rurely areas among december to march 2007 in 7 geographical regions of Turkey in Denizli, Izmir, Ayd? n, Antalya, Mersin, Ankara, Konya, Istanbul, Diyarbakir, Trabzon, Sinop and Zonguldak provinces. In collection of data, as well as demographic information, household status and forms of life questionnaire stating where questions were administered. To determine the level of home security developed by the National Security Council, consisting of 65 questions, Home Security Checklist is used. National Security Council, the score at 1-7 in the perfect home for safety aspects, between 8-14 scores well; 15 and on the scores were assessed as dangerous. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic and National Security Council with the elderly living at home with the method to be verbatim comments will be reviewed their homes Pamukkale University School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation was completed by senior students. Chi-square test was used for evaluating data. 5-Data Analysis Section Pearson's chi-square (? ) test is the best-known of several chi square test – statistical procedures whose results are evaluated by reference to the chi square distrubition. Its properties were first investigated by Karl Pearson. In contexts where it is important to make a distinction between the test statistic and its distribution, names similar to Pearson ? -squared test or statistic are used. It tests a null hypothesis stating that the frequency distrubition of certain events ob served in a sample is consistent with a particular theoretical distribution. The events considered must be mutually exclusive and have total probability 1. A common case for this is where the events each cover an outcome of a categorial variable. A simple example is the hypothesis that an ordinary six-sided dia is â€Å"fair†, i. e. , all six outcomes are equally likely to occur. Pearson's chi-square is the original and most widely-used chi-square test. Definition Pearson's chi-square is used to assess two types of comparison: tests of goodness of fit and tests of independence. A test of goodness of fit establishes whether or not an observed frequency distrubition differs from a theoretical distribution. A test of independence assesses whether paired observations on two variables, expressed in a contingency tables, are independent of each other – for example, whether people from different regions differ in the frequency with which they report that they support a political candidate. The first step in the chi-square test is to calculate the chi-square statistics. In order to avoid ambiguity, the value of the test-statistic is denoted by X2 rather than ? 2: this also serves as a reminder that the distribution of the test statistic is not exactly that of a chi-square random variable. However some authors do use the ? 2 notation for the test statistic. An exact test which does not rely on using the approximate ? 2 distribution is Fisher’s exact test ,this is significantly more accurate in evaluating the significance level of the test, especially with small numbers of observation. The chi-square statistic is calculated by finding the difference between each observed and theoretical frequency for each possible outcome, squaring them, dividing each by the theoretical frequency, and taking the sum of the results. A second important part of determining the test statistic is to define the degrees of freedom of the test: this is essentially the number of observed frequencies adjusted for the effect of using some of those observations to define the â€Å"theoretical frequencies†. Results: 11. 2% of the elderly living in the city , 14. 4% of the elderly living in rural areas whose age is 80 and over age in the range TABLE 1:Examination of demografic data for elderly people living in the city and in rural areas Variables | CITY | RURAL | | | | | |Age | | | |65-69 age | | | |70-79 age | | | |; 80 age | | | | | | | |Gender | | | | | n % | n % | | | | | | |171 51. 8 |78 42. 8 | | |122 36. 9 |78 42. | | |37 11. 2 |26 14. 3 | |Woman | 189 57. 3 |107 58. 8 | |Man |141 42. 7 |45 41. 2 | |EDUCATION | | | |Literacy does not know | 19. 1 19. 1 |61 33. | |Literate | | | |Primary School |37. 3 37. 3 |82 45. 1 | | |10. 3 10. 3 |9 4. 9 | |  Middle School |16. 7 16. 7 |16 8. 8 | | | | | |High school |9. 1 9. 1 |9 4. | |University |7. 6 7. 6 |5 2. 7 | |Marriage Status | | | |Single | 43 13 |18 9. 9 | |Married |249 75. 5 |150 82. 4 | | |38 11. 5 |14 7. | |  Divorced | | | |Occupational Status | | | | | | | |  Works |294 89 |154 84. 6 | | |36 11 |28 15. 4 | |Not working / Retired | | | TABLE 2: An analysis of the homes of elderly living in rural areas and in the city Variables | CITY | RURAL | | | | | | | |House type | | | | | | n % | n % | p | | | | | | |Detached | 128 36. 8 | 157 96. 3 | | | | | | | |  Apartment |202 61. 2 |25 13. 7 |0. 001 | | | | | | |Private rooms | | | | |Yes | 211 63. 9 |98 53. 8 | | |No |41 12. 4 |46 25. 3 | | |Have shared |78 33. 9 |38 20. 9 |0. 001 | |Domestic availability | | | | |Good | 218 66. 1 |106 58. | | |Bad |112 33. 9 |76 42. 7 |0. 05 | |Satisfaction | | | | |Satisfied | 233 71 |107 58. 8 | | | | | | | |  Not satisfied |97 29. 4 |75 41. 2 |0. 07 | | | | | | |Financial Situation | | | | |Self-sufficie nt | 257 77. 9 |109 59. 9 | | | | | | | |  Children looking |56 17 |52 28. 6 |0. 0001 | | |17 5. 1 |1 11. 5 | | |  Relatives looking | | | | Table 3 The examination of the life style of elderly living in rural areas and in the city |Variables | CITY | RURAL | | | | | | | |Living arrangement | | | | | | | | | |  Single | | | | | | | | |  With his wife | | | | | | | | | |  With relatives | | | | |Leisure activities | | | | | | n % | n % | p | | | | | | | | | | | | |59 17. 9 |30 16. 5 | | | | | |0. 5 | | |196 59. 4 |112 61. 5 | | | |75 22. 7 |40 22 | | | | | | | |  Participation is | 130 39. 4 | 48 26. 4 | | | |200 60. 6 |134 73. 4 |0. 03 | |  Accession No | | | | | | | | | |Security score | | | | |Excellent | 7 2. 1 | 0. 5 | | |  Ã‚  Well |76 23. 0 |27 14. 8 |0. 027 | |  Bad |247 74. 9 |154 84. 6 | | The information about situation of old peoples houses are presented in Table 2. About %59,4 percent of old people living in cities, and %61,5 percent of old people living in rural areas stated that they live with their husbands/wifes together. When results of Home Security and Control list are inspected; mean number of old people living in cities is 20. 61 ±8. 18, while mean number of old people living in rural areas is 25,16 ±9,59. About %74,9 percentage of houses of people living in cities are detected bad in security criterion, %23 are considered good and %2,1 are perfect. In rural areas however, %84,6 are detected bad, %14,8 are good and %0,5 are perfect. (Table 3) Debate: Every year, many old people get injured by an accident in their own houses, or near it. Most of injuries are caused by preventable dangers. Using house security and control list with regular periods, gives chance to value condition again, which leads possibility to make those dangers and risks obsolote. In our study, old people living in city and rural areas are found similiar by means of age and gender. This result shows that,HSCL results are not affected this two factors. Educational status of these two groups were examined, the higher the educational level of those living in cities and thus are better home security scores were observed. In our study, 86. 3% of those living in rural areas' reputation continued living in their houses   and 53. 8%of living in rural areas whose have a special room ,we have been identified. Proportion of people living in houses in the city (38. 8%) lower than those living in rural areas, although the cities have the people in the private room rate is higher (69. 9%). We think that it is significant to consider this situation, while arranging house by means of security. According to home safety checklist,reaching domestic usability for both elderly groups have similiar charecteristics,the average score was not effective on. However, a higher proportion of elderly living in rural areas in the (41. 2%) stated that they are not satisfied with our home security-related problems that indicate a large size. 40. 1% of those living in rural areas in need of financial support to someone else, in protection from danger at home to prevent the necessary ergonomic regulations is an important financial problem. In our study, we have control in the city (74. 9%) and of the houses in rural areas (84. %) a large proportion of unsafe and risky as to fall hazard was observed. For those living in the city, to live in the apartment, the financial situation is good to be home and satisfied with the condition are important factors in domestic security. For old people li ving in rural areas however, having poor education, living in a private house and being financially dependent raises the security score, and leads danger for security of people. Our results are also compatible with literature The surver used in our study, includes the different characteristics of house and different activities made in house, which allows to evaluate and be prepared against accident risks under each sub-topic. For old people living in rural areas however, having poor education, living in a private house and being financially dependent raises the security score, and leads danger for security of people. Our results are also compatible with literature . The surver used in our study, includes the different characteristics of house and different activities made in house, which allows to evaluate and be prepared against accident risks under each sub-topic. (1,2) %74. 9 percent of people living in cities and %86 percent of people living in rural areas have bad security score, which shows they are unprotected agains various accidents and falls. Those risks are similiar, both for old people living in apartments and private houses. Of each chapter house in terms of accident risk assessment and risk profile will reveal its relation with problems which occur with aging also are thought to be investigated. Moreover, determining the injury accident record form is important for audit and control systems. In light of all these records and data will be at home with ergonomic regulations reduce the risk of accidents increasing aging, the elderly and more healthy life with a higher level of quality of life can continue to take appropriate measures are required. 6-Ethical Consideration and Limitations: While we are doing a research on the elderly to learn their life,we respect their private life. So, we take care of shouldn’t be revealed their names and other personel information. 7-Research Results and Recommendations: In line with the results of our study, home security, the importance of quality of life is emphasized once again. Ergonomic and architectural creation of suitable habitat many risk eliminating the factors, will reduce the risk of injury. In this context, the health staff by producing a joint project with the architects of the houses in the community who live a healthy life, suitable for all individuals, especially the elderly are thought to be present. Also in this issue of local government, civil society organizations and government to develop policies and strategic plans are required. 8-Reference: www. korhek. org http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Pearson's_chi-square_test

Haig: Butcher of the Somme?

â€Å"HAIG WAS A BUTCHER WHO THOUGHT NOTHING OF SENDING MEN TO THEIR DEATHS. † DO YOU AGREE? Field Marshal Douglas Haig was a British senior officer during World War 1. He commanded the British Expeditionary Force from 1915 to the end of the War. This meant that he was in charge of the Battle of the Somme. His part in this battle has led to split views on him as an army officer. Some believe that his tactic was poor and he was mindlessly sending men to their deaths. However, some believe that the Somme was actually not a disaster and that Haig employed a good tactic.I will explored both sides of the argument and then conclude with my overall view on whether Haig was a â€Å"butcher† or not. ~0~ There are several reasons why Haig was or was not a â€Å"butcher†. I’m going to start off with a reason why I think he was a â€Å"butcher†. The reason was his location during the Battle of the Somme. He was situated in the luxuries of a chateau a whole fift y miles behind the line. This meant that, to be perfectly honest, Haig had next to no idea as to what was going on in the battle. This is backed up by Source D where the differences between a rehearsal and a real attack.The Sergeant Major says that the â€Å"absence of the general† is one. This clearly shows that Haig was nowhere to be seen when war broke – thus out showing his cowardice. My point about Haig having no idea about what was going on is proved by Source B where there is an extract written by Haig about the first day of the attack. It is clear that he was not there and is clueless as the report is simply wrong. The fact that he was clueless and thought that the battle was going well meant that he didn’t change his tactic. This was not really his fault you could say – he was ill informed.However, what facts say is that he wouldn’t have to be informed at all if he was nearer to the battle and so would have known that his tactic was not wo rking. Haig’s perseverance of his tactic is what he is most criticised for and this mistake was very preventable but for Haig’s cowardice. Another reason that also supports Haig being a â€Å"butcher† is his military strategy. This was just poor. He employed a tactic in which the plan was to simply kill as many Germans as possible. However, as Source F describes, â€Å"it is not a strategy at all, it’s slaughter†. This, he knew would mean there would be losses, too.He explains this in Source A where he says that: â€Å"the nation must be taught to bear losses†. This may be him being a realist, however I reckon he is just using this statement to cover his back. So if there are many losses he cannot be blamed. However, even if there were always going to be sacrifices – I think that 20,000 British dead on the first morning with 600,000 Allies in total dead is more than anyone could have foreseen or accounted for. Furthermore, after the r idiculous losses on the first morning alone, you would have thought that anyone would have made some big changes – preferably tactics-wise.However, no, his perseverance or negligence is clear to see as the Somme bears huge casualties and is seen by most as slaughter of the British troops. His plan of action was also pathetic as it involved many presumptions that were just wrong. He had presumed that the barrage would completely destroy the barbed wire so the troops would be able to just walk – as they did, shoulder to shoulder – across No Man’s Land. However, all that happened to the barbed wire is that it was lifted up but then brought back down by the force of the explosions. So, if anything, it was in even more of a tangle than before. Source C backs this up.It states: â€Å"it was clear that there were no gaps in the wire at the time of the attack. This slowed the men down, as they had to cut there way through it. This was not planned for. Haig had a lso counted on the German Trenches being obliterated. He had thought that, after the trip over No Man’s Land, there would be very few opposing Germans. He thought that all of them would have been killed during the barrage and it wouldn’t be able to be easier for the troops. This is what they were told. However, the Germans had made special trenches, which were reinforced with concrete. They were very deep too – about 20 metres down.This meant that the Germans just hid in bunkers. Then, when they heard the bombing stop, they climbed out to there machine guns. Here, they just watched the British strolling towards the. They were sitting ducks. They Germans couldn’t believe their luck as they mowed the British troops down. And then to think that Haig pursued this tactic and he gave reports like that in Source B where, after 20,000 British troops have died in just one morning, he writes that it was â€Å"very successful† and â€Å"all went like clockwo rk†. Butcher†¦? I think so. However, despite everything I have said so far some still don’t think that Haig was a â€Å"butcher†.I’m going to give you one of the reasons why they could possibly think this. This reason is how he was not informed well. His plan did not involve any soldier experience based knowledge. This was the reason that his presumptions were incorrect. He would have known that the barbed wire was never going to be destroyed by the barrage. Therefore (you would presume that) he wouldn’t have involved this in his plan. Also, if he had known about the German trenches – how they were reinforced and had bunkers to hide in during the barrage – he wouldn’t have involved that in his plan, either. Should he have asked or should he have been told?Either would have been better than brainlessly sending men to their deaths. It is also clear that the soldiers did know that the barrage was not going to have the desired affects. This is made clear in Source C where Private George Coppard’s interview is written down. He said: â€Å"any Tommy could have told them that shell fire lifts wire up and drops it down, often in a worse tangle than before†. So, he didn’t really know how to tackle the plan he wanted to put into play. This was, debatably, not his fault. Therefore there is at least one reason why some believe that Haig was not a â€Å"butcher†.But, then again, some think that the Battle of the Somme was actually a success. They think that Haig, being the General, must have guided us to the victory. I think, unless it won us the war, (which it clearly didn’t) that many deaths cannot be in any way good. ~0~ To conclude, I’m sure that you can guess my verdict. I believe that Haig was a â€Å"butcher†. I think he started out with the wrong mind-set – not really caring about casualties. He thought that to win we just had to kill as many Germans as possible. This was the wrong way to go about it, I think. Secondly, His plan did not work.More than that, it resulted in 20,000 deaths on just one morning. He was pretty much clueless and so made many presumptions that were incorrect. He maybe could have known more if he wasn’t cowering away 50 miles away from the battle in the luxuries of a castle. And finally, after all of the deaths I told you about on the first day of the Battle. He still pursued with that tactic. One of my teachers used to tell me that the definition of stupidity is doing the same thing and expecting a different result. This is exactly what Haig did and it was on a massive scale. He was undoubtedly a â€Å"butcher† in my opinion.

A description of the values of the 1960s and compared to the values of Essay

A description of the values of the 1960s and compared to the values of today - Essay Example To discuss it further, changes with the values of the society has been notably noticed thus, this paper aims to compare the past and present and then evaluating it through a good reflection of it. A good example for this comparative reflection paper is the television shows â€Å"Leave it to Beaver† of 1960s and the â€Å"Family Guy† of today. Both television shows focus on the story of a certain family. However, these two shows do not portray the traditional type of a family but rather the dysfunctional one. â€Å"Leave it to Beaver†, is under the production where in black and white features are visible. It is pretty obvious that this show has been quite old as well. The way characters act was somehow different and so the film style (such as sound effects, camera tricks and so on) that they had. This show represents the society where in simplicity with fun is the main goal. It is a good thing that they made the show as a contrast of what an ideal family really is so that they could get the people’s attention towards their show. Dysfunctional scenes and actions that were seen during the show are not so deeply intense that children would misinterpret it. It was just like simple immature things that Beaver did thus, making its viewers laugh. This shows that during 1960s, the values of the people are very interactive and simple. They are not so liberated about the world. The culture was not yet abuse in terms of too much immorality that people do. On the other hand, â€Å"Family Guy† discusses the values of the society today. Family Guy is a cartoon show that also portrays family dysfunctions. Just like Leave it to Beaver, it also has its main goal that is to get the attention of every family through a clear and fun demonstration of what the society of today really are. It is more liberated and straight forward of the current happenings with regards with the people’s society. Both television shows showed what type of society they have during their

Econometric Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Econometric Analysis - Essay Example Its analysis has two principal purposes - to promote empirical content within particular economic theories and to subject such theories to potentially falsifying tests (Econometrics, Wikipedia, 2006). Taking the first, with the French data as example, it can be said that economic theory holds that consumption should be directly proportion to income while it should be inversely so to interest and unemployment rates. The available data should reflect this and thus provide empirical evidence of the theory's validity. The tests that the data will be subjected to will assist in this quest for empiric authenticity. Such tests should not only provide broad evidence of empiricism but should also assist in determining how much current variance there may be from theoretical reckoning and should thus provide reliable pointers as to why such variance is evident. It is, of course, incumbent upon theorists to interpret why there is variance, if evident after analysis, and this is done at the end o f the paper. To find empiric elements within the variables the first strategy adopted is to assume that a certain relation exists among the variables such that LCF (natural logarithm of real per capita consumption) is taken to be an endogenous variable series that is functionally dependent upon the other variable time series' - LYF (Natural logarithm of real per capita income), RF (real interest rate) and UF (unemployment rate). The following equation expresses a 'Population Linear Function' that is linear both in variables and parameters. The equation is as follows: LCFt = + LYFt + RFt + UFt + ut Here, , , and are the unknown parameters that are assumed to be linear, just as the variables LCF, LYF, RF and UF but this is still an assumption. This, together with the fact that the data has been acquired eccentrically, without due consideration for true series function, does not automatically relate parameters, also called estimators, statistically to their true corresponding values. Therefore, it is necessary to find certain other properties within the variables to enable this. This, however is not evident. Again, thus, some more assumptions have to be made such that, based on these second set of assumptions, certain statistical properties between the estimators and their true corresponding values can be assigned (OLS, Wikipedia, 2006; Estimators and Properties, 2006). This second set of assumptions is as follows. 1. The explanatory set of variables - LYF, RF and UF - is fixed. 2. For all n > 1, >0. Where, x stands for the variable and the mean of the series. This is true for all the variables. 3. =m>0. 4. Zero mean disturbance, E(u)=0. 5. Homoscedasticity: Var() = , is constant for all values of i. 6. Nonautocorrelation, Cov() = 0, where . 7. The error term 'u' has a Gaussian distribution such that, . (Assumptions based on: Estimators and Properties, 2006) A second equation, derived from the same data set and based linearly on the same set of assumption

Improving Driver Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Improving Driver Safety - Essay Example Teens who start driving are excited about the freedom that driving gives them, and are less inclined to think seriously about safety issues. Communicating safety messages to teens can be problematic, simply because they're teenagers and may chafe at what they see as restrictions on their freedom. This means that to improve teen driving safety, education programs must deliver safety messages in ways that are specifically targeted to teens and which do not make them feel they are being 'talked down to'. Driving education programs for teenagers should be designed to stimulate interest in road safety and should clearly show them the possible consequences of unsafe driving. To help keep teens interested in the program, a range of activities should be designed that are fun and interactive while sending clear messages about the importance of road safety. Activities can include practical demonstrations which teens can take part in, and interactive film clips in which they can make choices for the characters portrayed. Educating teens on the practice of safe driving will include information on speeding, seat belts, drinking and driving, and how to handle distractions while driving.

Google Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Google - Assignment Example Since its formation, the primary goal of the company has been to put information across the globe in an order and make them available to the population of the world at large. With its mission, the company has been highly successfully providing the world with several products and services including web products (Google, n.d.). The current research focuses on the growth and development of the Google Company and the various changes, challenges and opportunities encountered by the company over the years. The impact of such changes would also be learnt in the process and using the business analytics tools like the SWOT analysis, BCG growth matrix, Porter’s five forces model, Nine forces model, customer segmentation, and win/loss analysis, a detailed analysis of the company in regard to the industry has been conducted followed by suggested recommendations for further improvement of the company’s prospects. ... The company obtains huge income from their ad systems and the bargaining power of the suppliers can be expected to be low if the company can sustain it dominance over the market with respect to its products and services. Google has supremacy on around 60 percent of the information searches conducted over the internet. This provides the company with a competitive advantage over its competitors like the Yahoo and the Microsoft. The buyers of the company too do not have a controlling power over the company since the different accounts of the company depending on the earnings of the company do not have a contribution to the total revenue of the company. Also, not more than 5 percent of the revenue is generated from the networking sites of the company. Since Google provides its customers with informed as well as sorted data in the present business world when large population are dependent on the internet exploration, other companies have not been found to be as effective as Google in prov iding such facilities, thus lessening the threats of substitutes (Morrow, 2008). The Google Company can thus be observed to maintain its position its position in the industry efficiently in regard to all the five forces that Porter had mentioned to be focused for the success of the company. Organization: The Organization of the company may be analyzed through a SWOT analysis and the use of BCG Matrix. The strengths of the company lie in its effective team of management that guides the company through all the decision making of the company’s actions. Moreover the company tries different measures that are followed across the world to determine its planning and procedure. The company is dominant in providing its customers